{"id":7584,"date":"2025-11-20T16:01:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T08:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/?page_id=7584"},"modified":"2025-11-20T16:05:46","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T08:05:46","slug":"astm-d624","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/standards\/astm-d624\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D624"},"content":{"rendered":"

ASTM D624
\nZku\u0161ebn\u00ed metoda pevnosti v tahu pry\u017ee a elastomer\u016f<\/small><\/h1>\n

Norma ASTM D624 je jednou z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch norem pro vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed pevnost pry\u017ee v roztr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> v konven\u010dn\u00ed vulkanizovan\u00e9 pry\u017ei a termoplastick\u00fdch elastomerech (TPE). V\u00fdrobci, in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i kontroly kvality a v\u00fdzkumn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci se spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na tuto metodu, aby pochopili, jak pry\u017eov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly iniciuj\u00ed a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed trhliny za kontrolovan\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

Porozum\u011bn\u00ed norm\u011b ASTM D624 a jej\u00edmu v\u00fdznamu<\/h2>\n

Pry\u017eov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti se \u010dasto trhaj\u00ed, pokud jsou vystaveny koncentrovan\u00e9mu nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, ostr\u00fdm hran\u00e1m nebo opakovan\u00e9mu nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento zp\u016fsob poruchy m\u016f\u017ee ohrozit t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed, t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed, podr\u00e1\u017eky obuvi, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 komponenty nebo obalov\u00e9 elastomery. Norma ASTM D624 poskytuje standardizovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edly pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k zah\u00e1jen\u00ed nebo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed trh\u00e1n\u00ed pry\u017eov\u00e9 desky.<\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka p\u016fsob\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm tahov\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm p\u0159i stanoven\u00e9 rychlosti odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010delist\u00ed, dokud vzorek zcela nepropadne. Tento postup pom\u00e1h\u00e1 u\u017eivatel\u016fm vyhodnotit vnit\u0159n\u00ed odolnost proti iniciaci trh\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed trh\u00e1n\u00ed a vliv geometrie na chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i poru\u0161e.<\/p>\n

\n

Pevnost pry\u017ee v tahu a jej\u00ed vztah k norm\u011b ASTM D624<\/h2>\n

Pevnost gumy v tahu<\/strong> odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed schopnost materi\u00e1lu odolat vzniku a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed trhliny. Geometrie zkou\u0161ky ASTM D624 z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b vystavuje materi\u00e1ly r\u016fzn\u00fdm koncentrac\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00ed, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledky jsou velmi citliv\u00e9 na slo\u017een\u00ed, kvalitu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a orientaci vzorku. Pochopen\u00ed tohoto vztahu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm a v\u00fdrobn\u00edm in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd typ vzorku pro jejich aplikaci.<\/p>\n

Pry\u017eov\u00e9 sm\u011bsi s vysokou pevnost\u00ed v roztr\u017een\u00ed \u010dasto vykazuj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed odolnost p\u0159i cyklick\u00e9 deformaci nebo ostr\u00e9m mechanick\u00e9m kontaktu. Naopak n\u00edzk\u00e1 pevnost v tahu m\u016f\u017ee indikovat vnit\u0159n\u00ed defekty, slab\u00e9 zes\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u0161patnou disperzi zpev\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch plniv.<\/p>\n

\n

Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed metoda pevnosti v tahu podle normy ASTM D624<\/h2>\n

Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch metoda zkou\u0161ky pevnosti v tahu<\/strong> se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed jasn\u011b definovan\u00fdm postupem:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. P\u0159ipravte a upravte vzorek podle pokyn\u016f.<\/li>\n
  2. Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed t\u011bleso namontujte tak, aby bylo zcela vyrovnan\u00e9 a nedoch\u00e1zelo k nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  3. Pou\u017eijte konstantn\u00ed rychlost odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed sev\u0159en\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  4. Pokra\u010dujte v zat\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, dokud se vzorek zcela neroztrhne.<\/li>\n
  5. Zaznamenejte maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edlu pro typ A, B, C nebo pou\u017eijte pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edly pro typ T a CP.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    P\u0159esn\u00e1 rychlost k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 hlavy a d\u016fsledn\u00e9 up\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159esnost. Pro reprodukovateln\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed je nezbytn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat vysoce kvalitn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky a kalibrovan\u00fd tester.<\/p>\n

    ASTM D624 typ A<\/h3>\n

    ASTM D624 typ A<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vzorek ve tvaru p\u016flm\u011bs\u00edce se z\u00e1\u0159ezem vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm b\u0159itvou. M\u011b\u0159\u00ed pevnost p\u0159i \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed trhliny<\/strong>, vhodn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na v situac\u00edch, kdy je dostupn\u00e1 pry\u017eov\u00e1 f\u00f3lie p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00e1 pro jin\u00e9 typy vzork\u016f. P\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edla p\u016fsob\u00ed kolmo na \u0159ez, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm pozorovat, jak se ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed trhlina p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161uje.<\/p>\n

    ASTM D624 typ B<\/h3>\n

    ASTM D624 typ B<\/strong> tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 konstrukci ve tvaru p\u016flm\u011bs\u00edce, ale obsahuje \u00fachytn\u00e9 v\u00fdstupky pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed stability. Tato konfigurace zlep\u0161uje manipulaci se vzorky a umo\u017e\u0148uje konzistentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky mno\u017een\u00ed. Typ B se up\u0159ednost\u0148uje p\u0159ed typem A, pokud to umo\u017e\u0148uje velikost materi\u00e1lu, proto\u017ee poskytuje lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost d\u00edky men\u0161\u00edmu prokluzu a lep\u0161\u00edmu zarovn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    ASTM D624 typ C<\/h3>\n

    ASTM D624 typ C<\/strong> m\u00e1 \u00fahel 90\u00b0 bez p\u0159edem vy\u0159\u00edznut\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159ezu. Tato geometrie posuzuje pevnost p\u0159i iniciaci trh\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na trhliny vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z vrcholu. Pokud trhlina neza\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v navr\u017een\u00e9 koncentraci nap\u011bt\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee zkou\u0161ka p\u0159ipom\u00ednat sp\u00ed\u0161e tahov\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e skute\u010dnou zkou\u0161ku trhliny. \u00dadaje typu C jsou u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro hodnocen\u00ed odolnosti v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm bod\u011b, kdy\u017e materi\u00e1ly v provozu \u010del\u00ed n\u00e1raz\u016fm s ostr\u00fdmi hranami.<\/p>\n

    ASTM D624 typ T<\/h3>\n

    ASTM D624 typ T<\/strong>, neboli vzorek s roztr\u017een\u00fdmi nohavicemi, obsahuje dv\u011b nohy, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed od sebe odt\u00e1hnou. Tento vzorek p\u0159\u00edmo m\u011b\u0159\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed slz<\/strong> v jednotn\u00e9m sm\u011bru. Kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1znam s\u00edly pom\u00e1h\u00e1 u\u017eivatel\u016fm pochopit kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed odporu p\u0159i \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je typ T obl\u00edben\u00fd ve v\u00fdzkumu a p\u0159i kontrole kvality.<\/p>\n

    ASTM D624 Typ CP<\/h3>\n

    ASTM D624 Typ CP<\/strong> uprav\u00ed n\u00e1vrh kalhot p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm omezen\u00e9 cesty, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zajist\u00ed, \u017ee se slza bude pohybovat po p\u0159edem definovan\u00e9 trase. Siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nohavice sni\u017euj\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed prodlou\u017een\u00ed a poskytuj\u00ed stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fadaje o \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed trhliny. Typ CP m\u016f\u017ee poskytovat vysoce reprodukovateln\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, co\u017e je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed hou\u017eevnat\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f nebo materi\u00e1l\u016f se slo\u017eitou strukturou v\u00fdztu\u017ee.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Tester pevnosti v tahu<\/h2>\n

    \"ASTM<\/a><\/p>\n

    Spolehliv\u00fd tester pevnosti v tahu<\/strong> hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fdch a opakovateln\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed stroj mus\u00ed udr\u017eovat konstantn\u00ed rychlost odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fachopu, zaji\u0161\u0165ovat stabiln\u00ed nastaven\u00ed a poskytovat p\u0159esnost m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edly vhodnou pro v\u0161echny geometrie vzork\u016f. Po\u017eadavky na rychlost k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 hlavy se li\u0161\u00ed podle typu zkou\u0161ky, tak\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mus\u00ed podporovat p\u0159esnou regulaci rychlosti.<\/p>\n

    Pro laborato\u0159e, kter\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed stabiln\u00ed a v\u0161estrann\u00fd v\u00fdkon, je ur\u010den model Cell Instruments TST-01 Tenzometrick\u00e1 zkou\u0161e\u010dka<\/strong> nab\u00edz\u00ed vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edly, flexibiln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed opakovatelnost. Podporuje po\u017eadavky na rychlost pro typy A, B, C (500 \u00b1 50 mm\/min) a typy T, CP (50 \u00b1 5 mm\/min), tak\u017ee je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro ASTM D624<\/a> testov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch pry\u017eov\u00fdch a TPE v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    ASTM D624 Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed metoda pevnosti pry\u017ee a elastomer\u016f v roztr\u017een\u00ed ASTM D624 je jednou z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch norem pro hodnocen\u00ed pevnosti pry\u017ee v roztr\u017een\u00ed u konven\u010dn\u00ed vulkanizovan\u00e9 pry\u017ee a termoplastick\u00fdch elastomer\u016f (TPE). V\u00fdrobci, in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i kontroly kvality a odborn\u00edci ve v\u00fdzkumu se na tuto metodu spol\u00e9haj\u00ed, aby pochopili, jak pry\u017eov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly iniciuj\u00ed a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed trhliny p\u0159i ...<\/p>\n

    ASTM D624<\/span> Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed \"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7585,"parent":4948,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7584","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7584"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7584\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qualitester.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}